![]() ![]() Generally, the gold standard treatment for staghorn stones is surgical with a view to achieve stone-free collecting system and preserve renal function. Staghorn stones are, therefore, significant disease entity that should be managed aggressively and effectively. Conversely, conservative treatment has been shown to carry a mortality rate of 28% in 10-year period and 36% risk of developing significant renal impairment. Due to the significant morbidity and potential mortality attributed to staghorn stones, prompt assessment and treatment is mandatory. ![]() Although kidney stones are commoner in men, staghorn stones are less often reported in men compared to women and they are usually unilateral. Staghorn stones are large branching stones that fill part of all of the renal pelvis and renal calyces and they can be complete or partial depending on the level of occupancy of the collecting system.
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